California pro bono criminal defense

Archive for August, 2011

When is the right time to get an atty if a woman is claiming to be pregnant with your child? Why? – ? No – no, the final decision is up to the judge – Heck no judge have decision to overpower them – No. – police station lol – Your attorney. When on workmans comp can an employer cancel or stop your health insurance and make you take cobra? Doris p I have issues with registered sex offenders trolling on myspace. I have recently received a subpoena from an attorney in a court case. . ? She has not previously needed. Can I go to the hearing and. I studied this. What was the court case that said: Courts would appoint you a judge if you cannot afford one? How would i look up, or what are they called, when an attorney will take ur case for free? I am going to have to get an attorney to assist me. Where can I find a low cost attorney that will help me get visitation of my 2 boys? Will a judge usually grant someone an extension of time in a probate case? What does an attorney’s wardrobe have to do with the case? – Now. When you sue someone, can you sue for the attorney fees also? Where can I find the best lawyer? See the movie Gideon’s Trumpet, with.

He is very insistant on this matter and has called several family members. Why do attorney’s where suits to court? I. Whodadaddy? Ask Ruth Bader Ginsburgh. Broken ribs, chipped spinal cord.. This guy has an issue with his ego and it’s not right what he’s putting this family through, over a pair of pants..Its very sad and I feel kind of sorry for him, but also would like to tell him off.. These include communications between husband and wife, attorney and client, physician or therapist and patient, and. The website for the municipality is silent on its city attorney? The EEOC has sent a letter to me talking about mediation which I will probably do, however, should I have a lawyer present for that? – simple answer The ACLU The most anti american group of retards on the palent – I thought it was. Where do I find the law of confidentiality that preists must follow? The judge runs the court room. It ain’t criminal! I’m not sure what a ‘traffic attorney’ would be. Of course this is an illusion propogated by those in power. That’s. Dear Friend, I can understand your problem. What’s your opinion?

Allow me to ask you a question in. Ive filed bankruptcy without an attorney so I don’t know what paperwork I need to bring with me. Say $1500-$2000 Tecnically, you are filing a complaint. Does a district attorney have more power over a judge in a ruling? Ask an ACLU attorney. Why would a lawyer want power of attorney over a patient in a nursing home? When Subpoena can I ask the attorney who subpoened me to pay for my time? An attorney that handles traffic violations? (I have witnesses) The GM of the store. Its a guardianship of the estate case. IMHO it violates the conditions they are registered under. There is always an ‘ambulance chaser’ attorney with melodramatic commecials regarding this. Where do I research my divorce attorney’s track record? What would be his benefit for doing this? If it. Why does the city of park ridge, illinois municipality on its website not indicate who is its city attorney? – Because they and their partner, the ACLU, give millions to the Democrat Party each election. NAMBLA, ACLU, & THE DEMOCRAT PARTY SUPPORT. Bankruptcy court charges a fee however.. Because the FDA does not look at the long term side effects of drugs. You should already have one. They are calling me out because I inspected a leaky water heater for the one client 2 years ago. If you prevail you can ask the court to award you your attorney fees in addition to any damages that you were able to prove. You may be able to not pay anybody else, but you can be sure you will have to pay your attorney (and a good one will earn his/her$) – Only if you are a defendant. I was riding my motorcyle nicely and some idiot old person slams right into me, I feel like I am going to die can’t breath ect. She sent an intent to sue letter and their response is they acknowledge the sexual harassment but not the discriminatory hiring practices.

With an attorney how do you fight a hit and run case, with no physical evidence and alibi? That’s latin and it’s short for ‘pro bono publico’ which means for the good of the public. In Miranda, the court held a defenfant had to be told of his rights. Should I hire a lawyer too? What is a nice way of saving you need an appointment like everybody else. If. When declaring bankruptcy can I get a public lawyer to represent me for free? Thanks. Houston,Tx. 341 Bankruptcy Question.What paperwork do I need to bring? I contacted the trustees office who’s handling it and they said they would need 2 months of bank statements. What’s it called when u have an attorney reppersent u for free? I was in a car accident? Can’t goto the police now can ya? ‘I’m so sorry but you must understand that on. I’m expecting a nasty fight from my ex (alcoholic) and he will spend any amount of money to win this, so I. Who knows whats a decent price for a traffic attorney? What type of severance offer should I expect? Go to internal affairs and complain to them. They try to find some sort of drug. If you sue someone, can you sue them for the attorney fees also? People don’t do this to doctors. But, most attorney’s have. The DA can be held in contempt by the judge.

I. On this will. Gideon holds that a defendant gets a attorney if he cannot afford one. Why are they approved in the first place ? Otherwise, you’ll. – A lawyer. I am just looking for an attorney now. Why does the FDA approve drugs like vioxx,recall them after people become ill from them ? Gideon v. Wainwright It was not Miranda. – Family law – Divorce not yet finalized, violating visitation in divorce degree. I have had the judge only trial, aquitted of the careless driving charge, had my employer testify, and time cards showing alibi, no one has viewed the vehicle, the sentencing is this week, the judge’s sentencing has not occurred, but once. I went to the hospital ect. – As. I was wronfully terminated from a HUGE retailer and got an attorney after the lies they told at the unemployment hearing. – Pro bono -. Will the EEOC provide me with a attorney since i have a case and no money? Privileged communication n. statements and conversations made under circumstances of assured confidentiality which must not be disclosed in court. If you are on worker’s comp, you need to contact a worker’s comp attorney immediately and inform him or her what is currently happening to you. Each state has its own statutes regarding worker’s comp, you need an expert in. – The EEOC doesn’t provide anyone. Only way to reverse judge rulings are. – immediately. Ask a liberal. I am supposed to file an accounting before my hearing but I am not sure how to do that. Just as there is a ‘motion for a change of venue’ and a ‘motion to dismiss’ a case altogether, is there also a specific name for a motion to change judges? I handle a lot of EEOC complaints and don’t recall any in which the employee had counsel. The first answer is correct. Just make sure you get a court-ordered DNA test. The case involves two neighbors that are disputing a property line.

Credit: Jeff

I don’t need smart hiney answers I have enough of them myself. If they refuse, they. I have a 341 meeting for a chapter 7 case on June 14th. When an attorney requests that the judge in a case be changed, is there a special name for this motion? What’s wrong with wearing blue jeans, togas, sweats, etc. . Who do you think its right?. Why isn’t NAMBLA illegal?? – how did a police officer violate your rights?. What’s the difference in filing a claim with EEOC or filing a lawsuit with an attorney? Because wearing a suit reinforces that there is a right and wrong in society. I was wondering if anyone might know whether or not the expert witness surgeon that looked at my medical records would bother to set up a consultation with my attorney if he didn’t think there was a case?. 8 attorney generals have petitioned my to release the names of registered child perverts & they have refused, saying it violates their privacy contracts.. When a police officer violate your rights .where can i report to ? Religious traditional law not American Jurisprudence Is this what you mean? An attorney can force her to get a paternity test. Thank you, Henrietta Also, under a motion to. That being said, if it’s something like a DUI, there are many attorneys that will do that. Who thinks this judge/attorney filing a lawsuit against the dry cleaners is just disgusting? The city of park ridge city hall paralegal and its police personnel do not want to identify its city attorney. Hi all, I am about to retain an attorney, but I want to find out how well he’s done in previous divorce cases that have gone to court. I’d add that you don’t need a lawyer if the EEOC pursues your case. Any info. I’ve already filed a claim through EEOC. It’s called doing a case ‘pro bono’. Why do people get mad when they call for an apt with an attorney when you can’t give them one for the next day People get mad when you say it will be 2 weeks or more and they get mad when you explain he is in court he is in trial prep he is in trial.

95% of Nigerians do not have access to the internet but we hear of mind-boggling internet fraud schemes being attributed to Nigerians. All of the earliest recorded histories of deception or conman-ship were never of Nigerian or even African dramatis personae, for that matter. They have said that they were not aware of or involved in the crooked asset management side. After that he was extradited to Sweden and imprisoned for a further six months. He deferred admission for one year because he had been convicted of the theft of bicycle frames in Utah. By the time the banks realised what had happened, Frank had taken $40,000 and gone underground. Its just like the back-to-sender syndrome. Proceeds from asset sales will be distributed to defrauded investors. Also, i have met wonderful Nigerian people here on facebook. Madoff’s crimes were extraordinarily evil,” U.S. District Judge Denny Chin said in rejecting defense pleas for a lenient, 12-year sentence. Semion Mogilevich (1946) — is a billionaire organized crime boss and a global con artist believed by European and United States federal law enforcement agencies to be the “boss of bosses” of most Russian Mafia syndicates in the world. The case has triggered widespread criticism of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, which has been accused of missing red flags that could have brought the curtain down on his asset management business. Gregor MacGregor (1786–1845) – Scottish conman who tried to attract investment and settlers for a non-existent country of Poyais. He is perhaps the most famous “sure-thing” bunko man of the old west. I had to pay 6 thousand dollars to an attorney just to keep my son at home. “I only hope that his prison sentence is long enough so that his jail cell will become his coffin,” said Michael Schwartz, 33, who said his family had been robbed of savings earmarked for the care of his mentally disabled brother. Lou Blonger (1849–1924) – organized massive ring of con men in Denver in early 1900s. Then they refinanced it again!! Valfierno paid several men to steal the work of art from the Louvre, including museum employee Vincenzo Peruggia. While many people do not know the name Ponzi, the Ponzi Scheme is extremely well known and continues today in Internet Make Money Fast schemes. Although he suffered from a stammer, he had a natural gift for selling and when a schoolfriend’s father died, the two of them used the $3,000 insurance money to purchase and run an age and weight guessing stand at the Coney Island funfair. Police doubt that they have discovered all the victims. It is probably that he lost tens of millions of dollars. He began carving a fraudulent niche for himself as a youth when he used his father’s Mobil card to buy car parts that he would then sell back to the gas station for a lower price. He started his own company, the Securities Exchange Company, to promote the scheme. He developed an obsession for health foods and vitamins, renounced red meat and seldom drank alcohol. He was popular among guards and fellow inmates who enjoyed hearing of his exploits. On May 16, 1993 Hogue made headlines again through his association with Harvard University. They said it would not be easy as with my bankruptcy, and already having a loan on it, they would have to find a private party. Before the heist took place, Valfierno commissioned French art restorer and forger Yves Chaudron to make six copies of the Mona Lisa. Soapy Smith (born Jefferson Randolph Smith) was an American con artist and gangster who had a major hand in the organized criminal operations of Denver, Colorado, Creede, Colorado, and Skagway, Alaska from 1879 to 1898. During the next ten years, IOS raised in excess of $2.5 billion, bringing Cornfeld a personal fortune of more than $100 million. Her mother told Hendy-Freegard she would hand over £10,000 but only in person. Matt the Knife (1981) — American-born card cheat and pickpocket who bilked corporations, casinos, and at least one Mafia crime family. His knowledge of numbers helped him to do very well there. When he moved to the US, he first worked as a social worker but became a mutual fund salesman in the 1950s. Bernard Lawrence Madoff (1938) — American former chairman of the NASDAQ stock market who admitted running a world-record $65 billion Ponzi scheme. At one point, Lustig convinced Al Capone to invest $50,000 with him. Jefferson would open his “tripe and keister” (display case on a tripod) on a busy street corner. “My guess is that that message will be heard loud and clear,” said President Barack Obama’s spokesman Robert Gibbs. He met his victims on social occasions or as customers in the pub or car dealership where he was working. Henry, those people were my angels here on this earth. Peter Foster (1962) — Australian conman with convictions and imprisonment on three continents for fraud and money laundering, known for the Bai Lin slimming tea scam and involvement in property transactions with Cherie Blair. Casey Serin (1982) — Self-confessed mortgage fraudster who became the “poster child” of the housing bubble. Frank Abagnale is a former cheque con artist, forger and imposter who, for five years in the 1960s, passed bad cheques worth more than $2.5 million in 26 countries. Midway through the sale, Smith would announce that the hundred-dollar bill still remained in the pile, unpurchased. “The breach of trust was massive. Although the headquarters were offcially in Geneva, the main operational offices of IOS were in Ferney-Voltaire, France, a short drive from the Swiss border to Geneva—this was simply a means of avoiding the problems of obtaining Swiss work-permits for the many employees. His company, ZZZZ Best, cost investors an estimated $100 million before he served seven years in prison for fraud and other offenses. I used to live in southern California and my son had a medical emergency. Capone, so impressed by Lustig’s honesty gave him $5,000 for his effort. “There’s something very pathological. This was a form of arbitrage and it was legal. But how this has come to be is another matter entirely. Other public landmarks he sold included the original Madison Square Garden, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Grant’s Tomb, and the Statue of Liberty. Weil started a protection racket – offering not to report their activities in return for a small portion of what they were taking. Bernard Cornfeld was a prominent businessman and international financier who sold investments in US mutual funds. The respected online encyclopedia further explains: “Confidence tricks exploit typical human qualities such as greed, dishonesty, vanity, honesty, compassion, credulity and naïveté. His exploits have passed into popular culture, giving rise to phrases such as “and if you believe that, I have a bridge to sell you”, a popular way of expressing a belief that someone is gullible. He also took naked pictures of her and threatened to give them to her husband if she would not cooperate. His next job was working in a bank in Canada that catered for Italian immigrants. The ninety-nine per cent that is animal causes very little trouble. The average person, in my estimation, is ninety-nine per cent animal and one per cent human. He was born in Bohemia but later moved to Paris where he was able to con people on his frequent journeys between Paris and New York. She was wearing tradtitional Nigerian clothing. According to Wikipedia, “The first known usage of the term “confidence man” in English was in 1849; it was used by American press during the United States trial of William Thompson. Having lied about his identity again, he was able to take a job as a security guard in one of Harvard’s on campus museums. They all had British accents. As much as $170 billion flowed through the principle Madoff account over decades. Her loyalty tests included sleeping in Heathrow airport and on park benches for several nights and pretending to be a Jehovah’s Witness so that his bosses in MI5 would let them marry. 15 March at 14:54 Hi Henry – Thanks for telling me about the fan page. Madoff’s lawyer said no decision had been made on whether to appeal the sentence. When Cornfeld visited Geneva, Swiss authorities arrested him. When he sold Grant’s Tomb, he would often pose as the general’s grandson. Victor Lustig (1890–1947) – born in Bohemia (today’s Czech Republic) and known as “the man who sold the Eiffel Tower”. He convinced his marks that they could make a fortune by controlling access to the roadway. Hogue is a US impostor who most famously entered Princeton University by posing as a self-taught orphan. Madoff, 71, stood passively with his hands clasped at his waist, showing no reaction when he heard the sentence that will send him to prison for the rest of his life. It was assured that the only money “won” went to members of what became known as the “Soap Gang.” Soapy was eventually shot to death by a group he swindled in a card game. One month later, he returned to Paris to try the whole scam again. He told them the secrecy of the meeting and all future dealings was due to the fact that the public may become distressed at the idea of the removal of the tower. He returned to Beverly Hills, living less ostentatiously than in his previous years. “The absence of such support is telling,” Chin said. Confidence men exploit human characteristics such as greed and dishonesty, and have victimized individuals from all walks of life conman is a person who intentionally misleads another person, usually for personal financial gain. Cassie Chadwick (1857–1907) — defrauded several U.S. banks out of millions of dollars by claiming to be an illegitimate daughter and heiress of Andrew Carnegie. He would win them over, ask for money and make them do his bidding. Madoff’s December arrest came as investors were feeling the brunt of the worst financial crisis since the 1930s Great Depression. First, the FBI bugged the phone of the American psychologist’s parents. Sincere business proposals are turned down by potential business associates as soon as it is observed that the IP address originates from Nigeria. Everyone in the office was so kind to me. On June 23, 2005, after an eight month trial, Blackfriars Crown Court convicted Robert Hendy-Freegard for two counts of kidnapping, 10 of theft and 8 of deception. This performance had the desired effect of enticing the sale of the packages. Ponzi plead guilty of mail fraud and was sent to prison. Then, petty deception was the order of day just like in most countries especially in the western world. George is remembered as one of the most successful con men in the history of the United States, as well as one of history’s most talented hoaxers. Parker was convicted of fraud three times. The judge said he had not received a single letter on Madoff’s behalf, testifying to any good deeds or charitable works. Frank Abagnale (1948) — U.S. cheque forger and impostor; his autobiography, Catch Me If You Can, was made into a movie. In 2002 Scotland Yard and the FBI organized a sting operation. He spent the last eight years of his life behind bars. On August 21, 1911 Peruggia hid the Mona Lisa under his coat and simply walked out the door. They hacked computer systems with viruses and did other untoward things against humanity. Hogue claimed in his application materials that he had slept outside in the Grand Canyon, raising sheep and reading philosophers. Hendy-Freegard met the mother in Heathrow airport where police apprehended him. He was eventually caught in France and spent six months in prison there. The confidence trickster often works with one or more accomplices called shills, who help manipulate the mark into accepting the con man’s plan. Headed the hedge fund Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC until his arrest in 2008. In his first job as a collector, he realized that his co-workers were collecting their debts but keeping a little part of the money for themselves. What is more, we hear these days of the Madoffs of this world whose loot alone surpassed the entire loot of the so-called Nigerian scam artists. Madoff was symbolically ordered to pay that amount in restitution. According to well-informed chroniclers of this ignominious way of life, a confidence trick or confidence game (also known as a bunko, con, flim flam, gaffle, grift, hustle, scam, scheme, swindle or bamboozle) is an attempt to defraud a person or group by gaining their confidence.

When he realised he had been conned, he was too embarrassed to tell the police and Lustig escaped with the money. Henri Reuel, a noted geologist who travelled around and told his hosts that he was a representative for a big oil company while draining them of the cash they gave him to “invest in fuel.” The next day he was director of the Elysium Development Company, promising land to innocent believers while robbing them in recording and abstract fees. As long as money kept flowing in, Ponzi would stay ahead of the eventual collapse. “Bernard Madoff was sentenced on Monday to 150 years in prison — the maximum penalty the judge could give him for “extraordinarily evil” crimes in Wall Street’s biggest and most brazen investment fraud”. For about two years, Abagnale globe-trotted around the world for free by parading himself as a Pan Am pilot. She had to change her name and tell the deed poll officer it was because she was sexually abused as a child. I am so grateful to God for them. Rightly or wrongly tagged, Nigerians are just like the average earthling – faced with the vagaries of the reality of a nanosecond paced world. Greed and selfishness is a sine-qua-non for being a scam victim. He made his living selling New York’s public landmarks to unwary tourists. You knew you never played any game and you fall for it. The world in most cases thinks of people and places they’ve never been as a representation of what they get from their news sources. For the next two years he lived as Santana and as a member of the track team. He currently runs Abagnale and Associates, a financial fraud consultancy company and is a multi-millionaire. “I’d love to think that the mini-Madoffs out there would think that what happened today has something to do with them, but I suspect most of them do not,” said Jayne Barnard of the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia. “The desire to get something for nothing has been very costly to many people who have dealt with me and with other con men,” Weil writes. The common factor is that the mark relies on the good faith of the con artist. But why treat them with such ignominy? George C. Parker (1870–1936) — U.S. con man who sold New York monuments to tourists. He then finished each bar by wrapping plain paper around it to hide the money. He could change his persona daily to further his gains: one day he was Dr. They were the only company out of thousands who would help me. He mixed the money-wrapped packages in with wrapped bars containing no money. Madoff and his wife have agreed to the sale of three luxury properties and other assets and valuables. Lustig took the dealers in a limousine to tour the tower. Clifford Irving (1930) — U.S. writer, best known for a false “authorized autobiography” of Howard Hughes. They refiananced my home. Solomon Dwek (c.1973) Syrian-Jewish Orthodox rabbi and real estate investor from Deal, New Jersey who pleaded guilty to a $50,000,000 bank fraud involving PNC Bank. More often than not, victims bought several bars before the sale was completed. Because Valfierno just wanted to sell forgeries, he only needed the original Mona Lisa to disappear and never contacted Peruggia again after the crime. One of the dealers, Andre Poisson was convinced that the tale was legitimate and he handed over the money. I lived in Orange County (I hated it there, was not originally from there- nasty people) and I called companies in Los Angeles, and Ventura counties as well. The only other person charged criminally is his outside accountant. However, not all fraud victims are greedy, risk-taking, self-deceptive individuals looking to make a quick dollar. Any companies I could find. He was able to abuse the professional courtesy of other airlines to provide free transport for competing airline pilots if they had to move to another city at short notice. Their trust and kindness kept my family together. In a traditional confidence trick, the mark is led to believe that he will be able to win money or some other prize by doing some task. In 1991 Hogue’s real identity was exposed when Renee Pacheco, a student from the Palo Alto High School, recognized him. The White House said that the judge had sent a strong signal to those who handle other people’s money. I pleaded with them and told them my case and what was happening with my son. Bon Levi (1943) — Aka Ron the Con and Ronald Frederick. He was once again captured in New York City and returned to jail. I rest my case for now. On my way out of California, I drove by their office. “I will live with this pain, with this torment, for the rest of my life,” he calmly said. Thanks for hearing this story. Ponzi began canvasses friends and acquaintances for money – promising them a 50% return or a doubling of their money in 90 days. Death Valley Scotty (1872–1954) prospector, performer, and con man, famous for gold mining scams and the mansion in Death Valley known as Scotty’s Castle. He apologized to them, at one point turning toward the 250 people in the courtroom. He told her he was with MI5 and forced her to cut contact with friends and family lest the IRA would kill her. Unfortunately it turned out that the owner of the bank was stealing money from newly opened savings accounts to pay the interest on the interest bearing accounts and to cover bad investments. In fact, the device contained two real hidden $100 bills – once they were spat out by the machine it would produce only blank paper. He demanded that they cut off contact with family and friends, go through “loyalty tests” and live alone in poor conditions. As noted earlier, the internet and mobile technology arrived these shores the late 90’s. He denied all charges and claimed they were part of a conspiracy against him and continued this story in the subsequent trial. Or someone sends a mail saying someone else died and left money in a fictitious bank account and needs your help to get it out into yours. By the time the buyers discovered this, Lustig was well gone with their money. He had adopted the identity of a dead infant. While it seems implausible, at the time the tower was built it was meant to be temporary and this happened just 18 years after the original date for removal of the tower. His favorite object for sale was the Brooklyn Bridge, which he sold twice a week for years. After his third conviction on December 17th, 1928 he was sentenced to a life term at Sing Sing Prison. His early years in the United States were troublesome. His early life is not entirely known as he was prone to fabricate stories about it. A greedy or dishonest mark may attempt to out-cheat the con artist, only to discover that he or she has been manipulated into losing from the very beginning. The real, average Nigerian is hardworking and strives daily to earn his keep. It was not known where Madoff will serve his sentence for what prosecutors described as a worldwide fraud of small and wealthy investors, charities and financial institutions. After writing a fraudulent cheque and spending a number of years in prison, Ponzi determined to become wealthy at any cost. He realised that he could buy foreign coupons at massively devalued prices (because of price fixing after the war) and then resell them in the United States for a 400% profit. In recent times, Nigerians have been tagged internet fraudsters or cyber-criminals. He served 11 months in a Swiss jail before being freed on a bail surety of $600,000. Consequently he was charged with fraud in 1973 by the Swiss authorities. I wouldn’t buy that idea for half a cent because I am not greedy. He became notorious in the 1960s and throughout the 1990s as a “Great Impostor”, and was featured on national TV, had over 100 aliases, and earned millions. This time it was reported to the police but Lustig managed to escape. Joseph Weil (1875–1976) – one of the most famous American con men of his era. James Arthur Hogue (1959) — U.S. impostor who most famously entered Princeton University by posing as a self-taught orphan. On March 12, 2007 Hogue pleaded guilty to a single felony count of theft of more than $15,000 in exchange for a prison sentence not to exceed 10 years, and prosecutors’ agreement to drop other theft and habitual criminal charges. I finally sold the home as the only surgeon I could find who knew how to work on my son was up here in Montana. Bernie Cornfeld (1927–1995) – ran the Investors Overseas Service, alleged to be a Ponzi scheme. He was bringing in cash at a fantastic rate, but the simplest financial analysis showed that he wasn’t making money, he was losing it rapidly. However, it takes two to tango. “Here the message must be sent that Mr. Joseph “Yellow Kid” Weil was one of the most famous con men in his era. A group of 300 IOS employees complained to the Swiss authorities that Cornfeld and his co-founders pocketed part of the proceeds of a share issue raised among employees in 1969. William Thompson (active in 1840–1849) – U.S. criminal whose deceptions caused the term confidence man to be coined. The scam stuff gets on our collective nerves so much that sincere business proposals don’t get a look-in by most foreign prospects once the IP address shows Nigeria: But one fact remains – victims of scams are either greedy, or gullible and commensurately criminally minded 2 fall 4 such schemes. I called every mortgage company I could find. Their ability to send bulk mail to millions at the touch of button does not make the average Nigerian a scammer much as the singular act of Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab’s action on Christmas Day 2009 does not make all Nigerians terrorists or suicide bombers. Robert Hendy-Freegard (1971) — Briton who kidnapped people by impersonating an MI5 agent and conned them out of money. Shortly after, federal agents raided his office and shut it down. Victor Lustig was renowned as the Man who Sold the Eiffel Tower. That’s greed and trying to reap where one did not sow. Well it is not a surprise to yours truly as Jesus already warned us two millennia ago that “in the last days, many shall come to deceive many in my name”. People wear three-piece suits in hot weather and recently lots of scammers have started using Religion to actualise their scamming thought-processes. Madoff’s wife Ruth, 68, has not been charged with any crimes but she has been vilified by defrauded investors, shunned by friends, and pursued by the media. In 1934, Lustig was found guilty of counterfeiting. They had been educated in England. Samuel Israel III (1959) — Ran the former fraudulent Bayou Hedge Fund Group; faked suicide. The word of this great investment quickly spread and before long Ponzi was living in a luxurious mansion. “From the moment I learned from my husband that he had committed an enormous fraud, I have had two thoughts — first, that so many people who trusted him would be ruined financially and emotionally, and, second, that my life with the man I have known for over 50 years was over,” she said. The accomplices may pretend to be strangers who have benefited from performing the task in the past. He shared with me that they were Christians also. Eventually Peruggia was caught trying to sell the painting and it was returned to the Louvre in 1913. He plead guilty and was sentenced to 20 years in Alcatraz. Charles Ponzi (1882–1949) – “Ponzi scheme” is a “get rich fast” fraud named after him. I wanted to thank them in person for all they had done for us. As he spoke to the growing crowd of curious onlookers, he would pull out his wallet and begin wrapping paper money ranging from one dollar up to one hundred dollars, around a select few of the bars. After one escape he was returned to jail to complete his sentence. Richard Eaton (1937–1979) – con artist, saloon owner, and general manager of Moo Moo Vedda’s dress factory and an associate of the Lucchese crime family. My parents were passed on from cancer, my brother was a drug addict (he is clean now and has found the Lord, praise God), my husband ran off to be a bum on a train (true story) and his family, who were wealthy, did not care if my children were dead or alive. Naples, Italy, New York, USA, London, UK and many other locations had tales to tell of conmen and all that. People soon began to become suspicious and the press were starting to publish negative articles about him. In a country with purportedly the happiest people on earth, one of the most religious and stinking rich in human and natural resources, with its average citizen actually toiling it out daily to eke out, honestly in most cases, a living; it is a shocking but also an understandable allegation. He even set up a fake “office” to handle his real estate swindles. Lou Pearlman (1954) — U.S. businessman and manager of boy bands, sentenced to 25 years for operating a Ponzi investment scheme. With the foregoing, it will be unreasonable to stigmatise Nigerians for the criminal enculturation by the western world in almost virtually every aspect of contemporary life. Once he had settled in to life on the outside, he discovered postal reply coupons through a letter that was sent to him from abroad. Some time in the late 1870s or early 1880s, Smith began duping entire crowds with a ploy the Denver newspapers dubbed The Prize Package Soap Sell Swindle. He seduced five women, claiming that he wanted to marry them. In the 1960s, Cornfeld formed his own mutual fund selling company, Investors Overseas Services (IOS), which he incorporated outside the US with funds in Canada and headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. While a much lower sentence would have sent Madoff to prison for life, Chin said he deserved the maximum, typically handed down to organized crime bosses. Barry Minkow (1967) — American entrepreneur. Many of such emails are also sent to most of us (Nigerians) but we ignore them without batting an eyelid. He violated his parole to enter class. Virtually anyone can fall prey to fraudulent crimes. I had just declared bankruptcy. After serving only five years of his sentence, the US Federal Government offered him his freedom in return for helping the government against fraud and scam artists without pay. Konrad Kujau (1938–2000) – German forger of the supposed Hitler Diaries.

I have been used and scammed in person by people in real life, even just recently here in Montana, and none of them were ever Nigerians. Eduardo de Valfierno – Argentine conman who allegedly masterminded the theft of the Mona Lisa in 1911. Not much was heard of Cyber-crimes from anywhere near the shores of any African country since cyber-activites were virtually non-existent. These Nigerians saved my family – my children – the most precious thing on the face of this earth to me. It was ridiculous Henry as his problem was with his knee and their main complaint was that he was overweight. Cornfeld himself became known for conspicuous consumption with lavish parties. Once he was nearly caught leaving a plane, but he changed his masquerade to that of a Doctor and he worked as a medical supervisor for 11 months without detection. Sometimes he worked as a lawyer and a teacher. He then sold the soap to the crowd for a dollar a cake. Finally, I reached a company in Thousand Oaks, CA. My advise to scam-phobics is simple: Never attempt to get into a building through the windows when the door is wide open. Certainly victims of high-yield investment frauds may possess a level of greed which exceeds their caution as well as a willingness to believe what they want to believe. Madoff’s brother, Peter, and his sons, Mark and Andrew, were executives in his firm’s brokerage unit. In 1986 Hogue enrolled in a Palo Alto High School as Jay Mitchell Huntsman, a 16-year-old orphan from Nevada. One law professor said she was surprised by the sentence but uncertain whether it would serve as a deterrent. None of Madoff’s relatives came to court. To help me they had to trust me. Prosecutors have said that Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities showed $65 billion in customer accounts weeks before his arrest, but the trustee winding down the firm has so far only been able to collect $1.2 billion to return to investors. George had many different methods for making his sales. I shared with them the condition of my son, and also that the Children’s Services were threatening to take my kids away because I could not find a doctor who knew how to work on him – he had/has a very rare condition (that is how we ended up in Montana). In 1988 Hogue enrolled at Princeton University using the alias Alexi Indris Santana, a self-taught orphan from Utah. He escaped from his prison by masquerading as an undercover officer of the Bureau of Prisons. “I simply do not get the sense that Mr. After forging government credentials, he invited six scrap metal dealers to a secret meeting in a hotel. A few months into his tenure, museum officials noticed that several gemstones on exhibit had been replaced with inexpensive fakes. Madoff, who has been accused of bilking investors worldwide out of as much as $65 billion, said, “In my business, when you make a trading error, you’re expected to make a trading error, it’s accepted. He then would auction off the remaining soap bars to the highest bidders. He would reveal his “role” as an undercover agent for MI5, Special Branch or Scotland Yard working against the IRA. Eduardo de Valfierno, who referred to himself as Marqués (marquis), was an Argentine con man who allegedly masterminded the theft of the Mona Lisa. He began working at a restaurant but was soon fired for playing tricks with the bills and shortchanging customers. He stored the money in a vault and returned it two months later, stating that the deal had fallen through. Ruth Madoff will be left with $2.5 million, after forfeiting claim to some $80 million in assets including the couple’s Manhattan penthouse apartment. “Fleeced investors in the courtroom cheered and applauded as the judge handed down the penalty. But the one per cent that is human causes all our woes. Yes, I know and understand that – it is a shame that some have not known any Nigerians and have wrong/ignorant assumtions about them. What is known is that he spent a short amount of time at University in Rome and, after dropping out, caught a boat to Boston, USA where he arrived with $2.50 in his pocket. Now we are seeing the many, and most of them are not Nigerians. After the heist the copies were delivered to their buyers, each thinking they had the original which had just been stolen for them. The victim also willy-nilly by acceptance of the get-rich-quick proposals, perpetrates the crime as an unlikely (?) accomplice. In my little research I found out that these scam schemes are actually inherited from the western world itself. He has been jailed both in Australia and the United States. Socially, he was generous and jovial. The victim is known as the mark, the trickster is called a confidence man, con man, confidence trickster, or con artist, and any accomplices are known as shills. No one drives a dream car without actually purchasing or owning it. Many people paid him enormous amounts of money (usually over $30,000) for the device. And the owner’s wife to this day remains the most beautiful African woman I have ever seen in my life. The forgeries were then shipped to various parts of the world, readying them for the buyers he had lined up. Just as there is no typical profile for swindlers, neither is there one for their victims. When Lustig read about this in a paper, he came up with his most brilliant idea. In 1925, as France was recovering from the war, the upkeep of the Eiffel tower was an almost unbearable expense for the city of Paris. God Bless you!! He also used phony oil deals, women, fixed races, and an endless list of other tricks to steal from an increasingly gullible public. Somerville police seized Hogue in his home and charged him with grand larceny to the tune of $50,000. Western movies bring into Nigerian and African homes all sorts of immoralities hitherto alien to them. Thompson chatted with strangers until he asked if they had the confidence to lend him their watches, whereupon he would walk off with the watch; he was captured when a victim recognized him on the street”. Michael Sabo (1945) Best known for his history as a check, stocks and bonds forger. He explained that the City could not afford to keep the tower and that they had to sell it for scrap.

‘I’m so sorry but you must understand that on. Why isn’t NAMBLA illegal?? Just make sure you get a court-ordered DNA test. Allow me to ask you a question in. Would an expert witness bother to set up a consultation with my attorney if he didn’t think there was a case? The first answer is correct. Say $1500-$2000 Tecnically, you are filing a complaint. I am just looking for an attorney now. Why does the FDA approve drugs like vioxx,recall them after people become ill from them ? I. We are very suspicious of this lawyer’s request to get power of attorney for a mentally ill aunt. Why does the city of park ridge, illinois municipality on its website not indicate who is its city attorney? I am going to have to get an attorney to assist me. Because wearing a suit reinforces that there is a right and wrong in society. – A lawyer. You may be able to not pay anybody else, but you can be sure you will have to pay your attorney (and a good one will earn his/her$) – Only if you are a defendant. What’s your opinion? Ask Ruth Bader Ginsburgh. What type of severance offer should I expect? I’m expecting a nasty fight from my ex (alcoholic) and he will spend any amount of money to win this, so I. Who knows whats a decent price for a traffic attorney? If you sue someone, can you sue them for the attorney fees also? I will suggest you to take help from They have the best attorneys for Just $1 a Day. Its a guardianship of the estate case. IMHO it violates the conditions they are registered under. Can’t goto the police now can ya? How would i look up, or what are they called, when an attorney will take ur case for free? The EEOC has sent a letter to me talking about mediation which I will probably do, however, should I have a lawyer present for that? Ask a liberal. They try to find some sort of drug. Religious traditional law not American Jurisprudence Is this what you mean? An attorney can force her to get a paternity test. I. Then the whole precinct will go under investigation. I was wronfully terminated from a HUGE retailer and got an attorney after the lies they told at the unemployment hearing. Why? No – no, the final decision is up to the judge – Heck no judge have decision to overpower them – No. I handle a lot of EEOC complaints and don’t recall any in which the employee had counsel. That’s latin and it’s short for ‘pro bono publico’ which means for the good of the public. What’s wrong with wearing blue jeans, togas, sweats, etc. . Will the EEOC provide me with a attorney since i have a case and no money? Go to internal affairs and complain to them. She sent an intent to sue letter and their response is they acknowledge the sexual harassment but not the discriminatory hiring practices. Hi all, I am about to retain an attorney, but I want to find out how well he’s done in previous divorce cases that have gone to court. When you sue someone, can you sue for the attorney fees also? Usually it’s not worth your money to hire an attorney for a traffic ticket. (I have witnesses) The GM of the store. When a police officer violate your rights .where can i report to ? Houston,Tx. Bankruptcy court charges a fee however.. Dear Friend, I can understand your problem. Why would a lawyer want power of attorney over a patient in a nursing home? I was in a car accident? If. 341 Bankruptcy Question.What paperwork do I need to bring? I have a 341 meeting for a chapter 7 case on June 14th. That’s. If you are on worker’s comp, you need to contact a worker’s comp attorney immediately and inform him or her what is currently happening to you.

There is always an ‘ambulance chaser’ attorney with melodramatic commecials regarding this. Why do people assume it is ok to just drop by an attorney’s office without an appointment? Where can I find a low cost attorney that will help me get visitation of my 2 boys? When on workmans comp can an employer cancel or stop your health insurance and make you take cobra? Thanks. Thank you, Henrietta Also, under a motion to. – As. Whodadaddy? I don’t need smart hiney answers I have enough of them myself. This judge is what. Only way to reverse judge rulings are. Where do I find the law of confidentiality that preists must follow? An attorney that handles traffic violations? The judge runs the court room. Each state has its own statutes regarding worker’s comp, you need an expert in. I’m not sure what a ‘traffic attorney’ would be. – simple answer The ACLU The most anti american group of retards on the palent – I thought it was. If you prevail you can ask the court to award you your attorney fees in addition to any damages that you were able to prove. On this will. What was the court case that said: Courts would appoint you a judge if you cannot afford one? Where can I find the best lawyer? Otherwise, you’ll. – Family law – Divorce not yet finalized, violating visitation in divorce degree. I am supposed to file an accounting before my hearing but I am not sure how to do that. That being said, if it’s something like a DUI, there are many attorneys that will do that. When an attorney requests that the judge in a case be changed, is there a special name for this motion? When declaring bankruptcy can I get a public lawyer to represent me for free? Who do you think its right?. I have recently received a subpoena from an attorney in a court case. – ? In Miranda, the court held a defenfant had to be told of his rights. I went to the hospital ect. Will a judge usually grant someone an extension of time in a probate case? The city of park ridge city hall paralegal and its police personnel do not want to identify its city attorney. If it. Ive filed bankruptcy without an attorney so I don’t know what paperwork I need to bring with me. People don’t do this to doctors. It ain’t criminal! – Pro bono -. What’s the difference in filing a claim with EEOC or filing a lawsuit with an attorney?

Gideon v. Wainwright It was not Miranda. – Because they and their partner, the ACLU, give millions to the Democrat Party each election. – how did a police officer violate your rights?. Where do I research my divorce attorney’s track record? Does a district attorney have more power over a judge in a ruling? . ? I’d add that you don’t need a lawyer if the EEOC pursues your case. I was wondering if anyone might know whether or not the expert witness surgeon that looked at my medical records would bother to set up a consultation with my attorney if he didn’t think there was a case?. But, most attorney’s have. With an attorney how do you fight a hit and run case, with no physical evidence and alibi? Ask an ACLU attorney. When is the right time to get an atty if a woman is claiming to be pregnant with your child? What would be his benefit for doing this? – Now. See the movie Gideon’s Trumpet, with. Just as there is a ‘motion for a change of venue’ and a ‘motion to dismiss’ a case altogether, is there also a specific name for a motion to change judges? Who thinks this judge/attorney filing a lawsuit against the dry cleaners is just disgusting? NAMBLA, ACLU, & THE DEMOCRAT PARTY SUPPORT. 8 attorney generals have petitioned my to release the names of registered child perverts & they have refused, saying it violates their privacy contracts.. Of course this is an illusion propogated by those in power. The website for the municipality is silent on its city attorney? What does an attorney’s wardrobe have to do with the case? I have had the judge only trial, aquitted of the careless driving charge, had my employer testify, and time cards showing alibi, no one has viewed the vehicle, the sentencing is this week, the judge’s sentencing has not occurred, but once. What is a nice way of saving you need an appointment like everybody else. Why are they approved in the first place ? These include communications between husband and wife, attorney and client, physician or therapist and patient, and. Privileged communication n. statements and conversations made under circumstances of assured confidentiality which must not be disclosed in court. If they refuse, they. – As soon as possible! Gideon holds that a defendant gets a attorney if he cannot afford one. Why do people get mad when they call for an apt with an attorney when you can’t give them one for the next day People get mad when you say it will be 2 weeks or more and they get mad when you explain he is in court he is in trial prep he is in trial. – police station lol – Your attorney. I contacted the trustees office who’s handling it and they said they would need 2 months of bank statements. The case involves two neighbors that are disputing a property line. I was riding my motorcyle nicely and some idiot old person slams right into me, I feel like I am going to die can’t breath ect. When Subpoena can I ask the attorney who subpoened me to pay for my time? She has not previously needed.

Don’t borrow someone else’s employee handbook or fire problematic employees without legal advice. Never stop campaigning, even after you lose. Personal Injury, Car Accidents, Drowning Accidents, Brain Damage, Catastrophic Injuries and Wrongful Deaths in Cathedral City – If you’ve had a Cathedral City auto, motorcycle, truck, pedestrian, bicycle, bus, train, airplane or car accident of any kind, get the other driver’s information, take camera or cell phone pictures, call the police, get a report, seek medical treatment immediately, call us or another good Cathedral City personal injury lawyer, follow up with more medical treatment if you are still hurt, report the accident to your insurance agent, file a report with the DMV and don’t talk to anyone else or give a recorded statement until you talk with us. Accelerated patent applications usually cost an additional 50% of normal patent applications. Cut costs to the bone. You can do this quite easily yourself, but if you need assistance or if someone else infringes your copyrighted work, you can then file suit against such a party. Protect your intellectual property at the outset. Residential and Commercial Real Estate, Landlord Tenant Law, Mortgage Law and Homeowners Association Law in Cathedral City – Use a Cathedral City real estate lawyer who is also a Realtor, or a Realtor who is also a Cathedral City real estate attorney. Therefore, to save money, create some products and advertising materials and apply for the trademark once they are ready to be sold and advertised. The worst case scenario today for an establishment serving alcohol, is to serve a minor alcohol who later dies in an auto accident. No turkeys. Don’t get investors without seeing one of our Cathedral City corporate attorneys. Keep a good plumber on hand. Have a Cathedral City real estate lawyer look over the documents. Keep an eye out for Russia. Drawings must also be prepared for the patent application usually for under $500.00.

If you are served with a lawsuit, hire a Cathedral City litigation lawyer like one from our firm who specializes in mediations and non-binding arbitrations so your litigation can be resolved at the soonest possible opportunity and limit your exposure to years of lawyer’s fees and costs as your case winds slowly through the courts. Protect your intellectual property from the start with the help of a Cathedral City corporations attorney. A design patent can be applied for by a Cathedral City patent attorney, for the look of an item and is good for 14 years. From the usual licensing problems they face with the Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control for adherence to and violations of ABC rules, to new state regulations involving menus and calorie counts in fast food restaurants and new rules requiring groceries to show the country of origin in labels on most of their produce and meat. Tell customers they must pay in advance or on delivery. Don’t refinance if you think you may need to walk away from a home. Without a patent, others can make and sell your invention with no compensation to you. Buy insurance. Signing a bad contract can end your career before it’s ever begun. Choose the right mortgage. If you have a legal matter in Cathedral City, Palm Springs, Palm Desert, Indian Wells, Rancho Mirage, Indio, La Quinta, Coachella, Desert Hot Springs, Thermal, Yucca Valley, Joshua Tree, Twentynine Palms or anywhere in the Coachella Valley, our Cathedral City law firm has the knowledge and resources to be your Cathedral City Lawyers and your Cathedral City Attorneys. Food and Wine Law, Hotel and Restaurant Law in Cathedral City – Today, hotels, restaurants, nightclubs, bars and grocery stores face an ever increasing host of new regulations they never faced previously. If you or someone you know has come close to drowning, seek medical treatment immediately as death or serious injury can still occur hours later. Spend money only as you need to. Be mavericky. A Cathedral City business attorney can tell you where to save costs and how to do it without risking liability.

As soon as you have written any body of work, have it copyrighted. Don’t buy or lease more than you need. Construction in Cathedral City – With the construction industry in it’s biggest ever slump, down more than 90% from its peak in many areas, Cathedral City contractors need to shift their focus to energy free homes, apartment construction and to take advantage of contracts likely to be offered for bid under the new administration’s plan to create new jobs rebuilding the country’s infrastructure, construction of roads, bridges, the electrical grid and other utility projects. Call a Cathedral City trademark attorney as soon as anyone else’s trademark or service mark is so similar as to cause a likelihood of confusion in the public or if you receive a cease and desist letter from someone else accusing you of infringement. A patent is pending once it has been applied for, and can be licensed, or sold outright. Entertainment Law, Sports Law, Marketing, Advertising, Media and Copyrights in Cathedral City – Whether you are a musician, an actor, a model, a writer, an athlete, a broadcaster or connected in any other way to the entertainment industry, contact us or another good Cathedral City entertainment attorney as soon as anyone gives you a contract to sign. Use extra money to advertise, and sell in new markets. If you’ve lost a loved on in an accident, call us or another good Cathedral City personal injury lawyer immediately. Be sure to hire a Coachella Valley law firm with experience in Personal Injury, Car Accidents, Drownings, Brain Damage, Catastrophic Injuries, Wrongful Death, Business, Real Estate and Landlord Tenant Law, Homeowner Association Law, Construction, Trademarks, Patents, Corporations, Entertainment, Sports Law, Marketing, Advertising, Media, and Copyright Law, and who will endeavor to ensure that your rights are properly represented. Cathedral City Business – Put everything in writing and preferably with our help or the help of another good Cathedral City business lawyer. Choose the right location. Don’t buy more than you can afford. When in doubt what to say, just keep talking. A Cathedral City corporations lawyer can provide you with advice as to which type of corporation or LLC to use for your business. Since we don’t practice divorce law or criminal law, we offer no advice to anyone needing help with either a change in their marital status or a change in their current incarceration, which is either the result of criminal activity or how they look at their marriage. If the inventor does not upgrade the provisional patent into a utility patent application within that period, usually for the cost of the remainder of the corresponding cost of a utility patent, the inventor loses his or her protection.

Trademark applications range from between $2,500 if there has not yet been any use of the trademark to $1,500 to apply for a trademark already in use. Hire employees from Alaska. Many times, a lawsuit can be forestalled before it has been filed or the matter resolved with letters between the litigation attorneys. Cathedral City Patents and Biotechnology – A patent should be applied for, for any new, and non-obvious process, or invention and to any new improvement of an invention at first opportunity. Always use confidentiality agreements when disclosing valuable information and be careful what information you agree to receive. A patent is good for 20 years. Cathedral City Litigation – At the first sign that someone may sue you or your business, consult with a Cathedral City litigation attorney. Some homeowner associations, who were already in trouble, may face additional problems in the future and both homeowners and their associations should consult with legal counsel to help resolve how to deal with such issues. Get legal advice for problems or indications of pending lawsuits immediately. Additionally, if you have a legal matter which involves Environmental and Toxic Tort Law, Litigation, International, Shipping and Maritime Law, Employment, Election and Campaign Finance Law, Consumer Law and Class Actions, Constitutional, Publishing, Publicity, Privacy Rights, Internet Law, Advertising and Media Law, Food and Wine Law, Hotel and Restaurant Law, Estate Planning, Wills and Trusts, Water, Agricultural and Natural Resource Law, Insurance Law, Bad Faith and Psychiatrist and Psychotherapist Defense, Education Law or a Child Accident in Cathedral City or anywhere in Southern California, call the Law Offices of R. Sebastian Gibson, or visit our website at  and learn how a Cathedral City attorney from our offices can assist you. You can also learn more about any of these areas of law and how we can assist you as Cathedral City attorneys, or as lawyers in any city, by calling the Law Offices of R. Sebastian Gibson at any of the numbers which can be found on our website at  . Patent searches help the Cathedral City patent lawyer write an application around existing patents and cost an additional sum, usually under $1,000.00. A provisional patent can be applied for, good for one year at a cost of half of the usual utility patent cost but is only good for one year. Be wary of the potential for fraud by customers, business partners and employees.

If you are dealing with contractors yourself, always use licensed contractors and have a Cathedral City construction lawyer look over your contracts. Corporations will not protect you from liability if you do not follow corporate formalities correctly. Depending upon the complexity, most utility patent applications will cost between $8,000 and $12,000.00. Otherwise you won’t be paid on a percentage of your products. Limit your promises to employees and to customers. Keep all costs, including labor costs, to the bare minimum. A design patent can be sought for between $1,000 to $1,500 and a European design patent for between $2,000 to $2,500. Such an establishment will need legal representation by a Cathedral City food, alcohol and restaurant lawyer before the ABC as well as legal defense of civil lawsuits filed against it. Claim that your competitors are socialists. Incorporate as soon as you are profitable. Cathedral City Trademarks – Trademark any original logos, designs, words, phrases, symbols or combinations that you use to identify your products or services as soon as possible. You can also investigate the contractor online to ensure he is licensed and insured and a Cathedral City construction attorney can do an additional investigation at little extra cost.

At 810-12. In its holding and order, the court affirmed the long established principle that an employer will not be held vicariously liable for an employee’s malicious or tortious conduct in a situation in which the employee substantially deviates from his employment duties for personal purposes. Moreover, since CDA immunity will be lost if the employer cannot establish that the information at issue was “provided by another information content provider”, cautious employers will also need to avoid any conduct that would suggest the employer has promoted, sponsored, initiated, or ratified the offending material in any way, shape or form. Id. No cause of action may be brought and no liability may be imposed under any State or local law that is inconsistent with this section.” Section 230(e)(3), italics added. (1998) 65 Cal. While the facts considered recently by a California Court of Appeal in Delfino v. Agilent Technologies, Inc. 230(c)(1).) Id. At 807-08. (2002) 99 Cal.App.4th 816, 830. Id. At 330-331. Den. In asking the court to dismiss the plaintiffs’ case, the employer filed a motion for summary judgment, in which it asserted that the employer was a “provider… In considering the first element (whether the employer was a provider or user of an interactive computer service), the court ruled the question a matter of first impression. Id. Accordingly, Section 230(c)(2) immunizes from liability an interactive computer service provider or user who makes good faith efforts to restrict access to material deemed objectionable.

Id. This is done, in essence, by treating the conduct as that of the employer’s own. (For example, in Batzel v. Smith (9th Cir. Gentry v. eBay, Inc. (2006) 145 Cal.App.4th 790 are unquestionably extreme and will not likely be encountered in garden-variety employment situations, the CDA immunity defense could well apply in more benign or commonplace circumstances as a result of the court’s ruling in this particular case. The court reached this conclusion because plaintiffs failed to establish a prima facie case on their claims against the employer. Such liability can also be based upon the doctrine of ratification as discussed in Murillo v. Rite Stuff Foods, Inc. In the end, there were a number of lessons that have been learned in the aftermath of Delfino. 230.

This action potentially should include termination, if the circumstances so warrant. (2004) 541 U.S. 1085), the court held that the employer was a “provider of interactive computer services” under the CDA. Prior courts had interpreted the term “interactive computer service” broadly in their own decisions and rulings. The plaintiffs in the lawsuit claimed the employer was aware that the employee was using its computer system to threaten them. At 806. However, the provider must make a good faith effort to restrict access to material that is deemed objectionable. Considering the second element of the test, (whether the cause of action treated the defendant as a publisher or speaker of information), the court found that plaintiffs, in alleging that the employer was liable for the employee’s cyber threats, sought to treat the employer “as a publisher or speaker” of those messages. 1997) 129 F.3d 327, 331, cert. Section 230(c)(1) states that “[n]o provider or user of an interactive computer service shall be treated as the publisher or speaker of any information provided by another information content provider.” The statute also preempts inconsistent state law that would impose liability, saying: “Nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent any State from enforcing any State law that is consistent with this section. In addition, there was not even any evidence that the employer was even aware of the employee’s conduct. He also created posts on Internet bulletin boards, threatening great bodily harm and death to these various individuals. The California appellate court determined that an employer could in fact assert the immunity defense under the Communications Decency Act of 1996 (CDA), 47 U.S.C. The primary goal of the CDA has been to control the exposure of minors to indecent material over the Internet. Therefore, the court of appeal did affirm the trial court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of the employer. Employers should institute certain policies and procedures that prohibit employees from using the employer’s computers to post or send threatening or offensive information. 15, cert.

Of an interactive computer service” (the employer) where “another information content provider” (the employee) has initiated the offending activity. This particular federal law defense of immunity actually does preempt inconsistent state law that might otherwise impose liability in certain circumstances. This includes the fact that although employers can take some degree comfort that the CDA can offer them immunity if out of line employees make offensive or threatening Internet postings or emails, conservative employers should take corrective actions immediately against offending employees when such conduct is discovered. The employer terminated the employee. (sec. The court noted that imposing derivative liability on the employer for an employees actions need not be founded on respondeat superior. (1998) 524 U.S. 937. Id. The case was presented as one of first impression in Delfino v. Agilent. The ultimate question before the court in the case was: Can the employer be liable under these circumstances? At 815. This was accomplished by by tracking the emails and postings back through the originating IP address. Of an interactive computer service”, and therefore entitled to complete immunity under the CDA. Drawing on prior CDA cases that actually were beyond the employment context, the Delfino court ruled that there are three essential elements that a defendant must establish in order to claim section 230 immunity.

Credit: Ann Burlingham

Id. The court, in citing that provision, determined that an employer’s failure to discharge an employee after knowledge of his or her wrongful acts may be used as evidence that can support ratification of that employee’s conduct. (c) the information at issue is provided by another information content provider. The court additionally offered what can be considered an important teaching point on the theory and principle of ratification under California law. The court of appeals agreed that the grant of immunity under the CDA was proper pursuant to the terms and conditions of that law. Id. Moreover, there was no evidence that the employer played any role at all in “the creation or development” of these threatening and offensive messages and postings. In its judgment, the court specifically held: “We are aware of no case that has held that a corporate employer is a provider of interactive computer services under circumstances such as those presented here. In making this illicit communications, the employee used the computer systems of his employer.

In the Delfino case, the court considered a situation in which unbeknownst to his employer, a very angry and upset employee sends anonymous emails to various adversaries. At 810. The victims of the employee’s threats sued the employee and the employer for intentional and negligent infliction of emotional distress, and negligent supervision or retention. The employee admitted that he engaged in the in the conduct of which he was accused. Nonetheless, one of its other important purposes is “to encourage [Internet] service providers to self-regulate the dissemination of offensive materials over their services.” This was determined in the case of Zeran v. America Online, Inc. The further argued that the employee took no action to prevent the co-defendant employee from continuing to make threats over the Internet. (4th Cir. On the last element of the test, (whether the information at issue was provided by another information content provider), there was no dispute that the employee was the party who had authored the offensive e-mails and postings. In that case, the court observed that an employee’s actions may be ratified after the fact by the employer’s voluntary election to adopt the employee’s conduct. In its decision, the court also noted that, even if plaintiffs’ claims had not been barred under section 230(c)(1), granting summary judgment to the employer was nonetheless proper.